Skin cleansing compositions

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to non-abrasive personal care cleansing compositions. These compositions utilize insoluble micronized cleansing particles of defined particle size that are not tactilely perceived by the user during the cleansing process, and yet which provide improved cleansing performance from the composition. These compositions also comprise a surfactant, an emollient and water.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 08/296,565, filed on Aug.26, 1994, now abandoned.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to personal care compositions useful forcleansing the skin and hair. These compositions contain insolublemicronized cleansing particles in a cleansing base. These particles arechosen to provide a cleansing benefit, yet without being tactilelydetectable or unduly causing abrasion.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Personal cleansing compositions must satisfy a number of criteria to beacceptable to consumers. These criteria include cleansing power, skinfeel, mildness to the skin, hair, and occular mucosae, and often in thecase of surfactant-based cleansers, lather volume. Ideal personalcleansers should gently cleanse the skin or hair, causing little or noirritation and without leaving the skin overly dry or taut afterfrequent use.

One approach to personal cleansing is to utilize surfactants to aid inthe removal of dirt, oil, and debris (e.g., make-up). However, withsurfactant-based cleansing systems, a trade-off exists between mildnessand cleansing and lathering ability. The most effective cleansing andlathering surfactants tend to be the harshest and most irritating. Onthe other hand, surfactants that are known to be mild tend to have thedrawback of poor cleansing and lather performance compared to thehighest bar soap standards (e.g., coconut soaps). One solution to thisproblem has been to attempt to find a middle ground by balancing thesurfactant system for mildness and cleansing and lathering ability.

Another approach to personal cleansing is to utilize solvents andemollients to aid in the removal of dirt, oil, and debris. Even thoughsolvents and emollients are effective cleansers, these materials havethe disadvantage of being more difficult to remove by rinsing and oftending to leave the skin with a coated, greasy feel. Also, mostsolvents and emollients have low water solubility which means that theymust either be used in an anhydrous system or formulated with a highsolvent level to provide effective cleansing.

Yet another approach to personal cleansing is to rely on the physicalabrasion of suspended particles to remove oil, dirt, and other debris. Awide variety of cleansing compositions containing abrasive particles areknown in the marketplace, but these compositions suffer from thedisadvantage of giving an unpleasant sensation of scratchiness to theuser, or even worse, of actually damaging the skin by abrading it. Infact many abrasive scrub products are perceived as too harsh andirritating for everyday use.

Therefore, it is seen that conventional surfactant based cleansers,emollient and solvent cleansers, and cleansers utilizing abrasiveparticles all suffer from disadvantages. Clearly, a need exists todevelop personal cleansing compositions which provide effective skincleansing benefits without the disadvantages of harsh surfactants, heavyemollients and solvents, and overly abrasive particles.

It has been surprisingly found in the present invention that highlyefficacious cleansing compositions can be prepared which utilize certainsmall diameter micronized particles to achieve improved cleansingefficacy. In these compositions the particles are of such a size as tobe below the tactile perception threshold of the user (i.e. theparticles cannot be felt during the cleansing process). Without beinglimited by theory, it is believed that these small particles are stilllarge enough to physically boost the cleansing power of mild surfactantor emollient and solvent systems by lifting away dirt, oil, and otherdebris. It has been found herein that particles having a mean particlesize diameter from about 1 micron to about 75 microns are most usefulfor this purpose and permit the formulation of non-abrasive,non-irritating cleansing products, which are ideal for daily use. It hasalso been found that particular attention must be given to ensuring thatthe particles employed do not have a significant percentage of particlesabove about 75 microns.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide personalcleansing compositions useful for cleansing the skin and hair.

It is another object of the present invention to provide personalcleansing compositions utilizing micronized particles such that thecompositions have good cleansing ability without irritating or abradingthe skin.

It is another object of the present invention to provide personalcleansing compositions utilizing micronized particles in combinationwith mild surfactant systems.

It is another object of the present invention to provide personalcleansing compositions utilizing micronized particles in combinationwith mild surfactant systems and emollients and solvents.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a method forcleansing the skin or hair.

These and other objects of this invention will become apparent in lightof the following disclosure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a nonabrasive personal cleansingcomposition comprising:

(a) from about 0.1% to about 20% of insoluble particles having a is meanparticle size diameter from about 1 micron to about 75 microns, withgreater than about 95% of said particles in said composition having adiameter less than about 75 microns,

(b) from about 0.05% to about 40% of a surfactant selected from thegroup consisting of nonionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, cationicsurfactants, amphoteric surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, andmixtures thereof,

(c) from 0% to about 50% of an emollient, and

(d) from about 20% to about 99.85% water.

All percentages and ratios used herein are by weight of the totalcomposition and all measurements made are at 25° C., unless otherwisedesignated. All weight percentages, unless otherwise indicated, are onan actives weight basis. The invention hereof can comprise, consist of,or consist essentially of, the essential as well as optional ingredientsand components described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The personal cleansing compositions of the present invention are highlyefficacicious for cleansing the skin or hair without being irritating orabrasive or leaving the skin feeling greasy or coated. These cleanserscan be prepared in a wide variety of forms including liquids, emulsions,cold creams, gels, bars, and the like, and can also be delivered frombottles, tubes, pumps, squeeze foamers, and aerosol containers as foams,mousses, and lathers.

The term "micronized", as used herein, means that the particles have amean particle size diameter within about two orders of magnitude of amicron. In other words, the term as used herein, means that theparticles can be defined in micron units without having to resort tounduly large or small exponential values.

The term "nonabrasive", as used herein, means that the compositions ofthe present invention do not have an abrasive or scratchy feel that isperceptible to the user.

The term "topical application", as used herein, means to apply or spreadthe compositions of the present invention to the surface of the skin orscalp and hair.

The term "pharmaceutically-acceptable", as used herein, means that thecompositions or components thereof so described are suitable for use incontact with human tissue without undue toxicity, incompatibility,instability, allergic response, and the like.

INSOLUBLE MICRONIZED PARTICLES

The compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.1% toabout 20%, more preferably from about 0.5% to about 15%, and mostpreferably from about 2.5% to about 10% of insoluble micronizedparticles, based on the weight of the total composition.

The term "insoluble", as used herein, means that the particles areessentially insoluble in the compositions of the present invention. Inparticular, the insoluble particles should have a solubility less thanabout 1 gram per 100 grams of composition at 25° C., preferably lessthan about 0.5 grams per 100 grams of composition at 25° C.; and morepreferably less than about 0.1 grams per 100 grams of composition at 25°C.

These micronized particles have a mean particle size diameter andparticle size distribution such that they are below the tactileperception threshold of most users, and yet are not so small as to beineffective for aiding in oil, dirt, and debris (e.g., make-up) removal.It is found herein that particles having a mean particle size diametergreater than about 75 microns are tactilely perceived during thecleansing process and it is important to minimize the amount of theselarger particles in the compositions. Conversely, it is found thatparticles having a mean particle size diameter of less than about 1 toabout 5 microns are generally less effective for providing a cleansingbenefit. Without being limited by theory, it is believed that theinsoluble cleansing particles should be of a size that is on the orderof the thickness of the dirt, oil, or debris layer to be cleaned away.This layer is believed to be on the order of a few microns in thicknessin most instances. Most conventional abrasive cleansers utilizeparticles typically having a particle size diameter in the 150-300micron range, which is far larger than necessary for effectivecleansing. Consequently, such products have the disadvantage of havingan abrasive feel without necessarily improving cleansing performancebeyond that achieved in the present invention. It is therefore found inthe present invention that the micronized particles should have a meanparticle size diameter from about 1 to about 75 microns, more preferablyfrom about 15 to about 60 microns, and most preferably from about 20 toabout 50 microns, so as to provide effective cleansing without beingtactilely perceptible.

Additionally, it is also recognized that mean particle size is not theonly consideration that is important in determining the suitability of aparticle for use herein. For example, even though a particle samplemight have the "correct" average particle size diameter, the particledistribution should be such as to have a minimum percentage of theparticles above the tactile threshold of above 75 microns. Therefore,the insoluble micronized particles of the present invention also have aparticle size distribution such that greater than about 95% of theparticles when formulated into the compositions have a particle sizeless than about 75 microns, preferably greater than about 97.5% of theparticles have a particle size less than about 75 microns, morepreferably greater than about 99% of the particles have a particle sizeless than about 75 microns, and most preferably greater than about 99.5%of the particles have a particle size less than about 75 microns.

The particle size of the micronized particles of the present inventioncan be measured using a variety of different techniques well-known tothe formulation scientist of ordinary skill in the art, e.g. laserdiffraction, microscopy, filtration, sedimentation, etc. In the presentinvention, a preferred method of determining particle size is the laserdiffraction technique using a commericially available laser particlesize analyzer. In the present invention the particle size measurementsare determined using a Munhall Particle Size Analyser, Model PSA-32(available from Munhall Corp.). A variety of solvents of variousviscosity and polarity can be used to disperse the particles in thesamples to be analyzed for size. Preferred solvents include water,hexanes, and isoproponal, with isopropanol being more preferred.

Particles having a wide range of shapes, surface characteristics, andhardness characteristics can be utilized herein provided the particlesize requirements are met.

The water-insoluble, micronized particles of the present invention canbe derived from a wide variety of materials including those derived frominorganic, organic, natural, and synthetic sources. Nonlimiting examplesof these materials include those selected from the group consisting ofalmond meal, alumina, aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, apricot seedpowder, attapulgite, barley flour, bismuth oxychloride, boron nitride,calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, calcium pyrophosphate, calciumsulfate, cellulose, chalk, chitin, clay, corn cob meal, corn cob powder,corn flour, corn meal, corn starch, diatomaceous earth, dicalciumphosphate, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, fullers earth, hydratedsilica, hydroxyapatite, iron oxide, jojoba seed powder, kaolin, loofah,magneisum trisilicate, mica, microcrystalline cellulose,montmorillonite, oat bran, oat flour, oatmeal, peach pit powder, pecanshell powder, polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene,polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon,teflon (i.e. polytetrafluoroethylene), polyhalogenated olefins, pumicerice bran, rye flour, sericite, silica, silk, sodium bicarbonate, sodiumsilicoaluminate, soy flour synthetic hectorite, talc, tin oxide,titanium dioxide, tricalcium phosphate, walnut shell powder, wheat bran,wheat flour, wheat starch, zirconium silicate, and mixtures thereof.Also useful are micronized particles made from mixed polymers (e.g.,copolymers, terpolymers, etc.), such as polyethylene/polypropylenecopolymer, polyethylene/propylene/isobutylene copolymer,polyethylene/styrene copolymer, and the like. Typically, the polymericand mixed polymeric particles are treated via an oxidation process todestroy impurities and the like. The polymeric and mixed polymericparticles can also optionally be crosslinked with a variety of commoncrosslinking agents, nonlimiting examples of which include butadiene,divinyl benzene, methylenebisacrylamide, allyl ethers of suscrose, allylethers of pentaerythritol, and mixtures thereof. Other examples ofuseful micronized particles include waxes and resins such as paraffins,carnuba wax, ozekerite wax, candellila wax, urea-formaldehyde resins,and the like. When such waxes and resins are used herein it is importantthat these materials are solids at ambient and skin temperatures.

Among the preferred water-insoluble, micronized particulate materialsuseful herein are the synthetic polymeric particles selected from thegroup consisting of polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene,polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon,teflon, and mixtures thereof.

Most preferred are polyethylene and polypropylene micronized particles,with the oxidized versions of these materials being especiallypreferred. Examples of commercially available particles useful hereininclude the ACumist™ micronized polyethylene waxes available from AlliedSignal (Morristown, N.J.) available as the A, B, C, and D series in avariety of average particle sizes ranging from 5 microns to 60 microns.Preferred are the ACumist™ A-25, A-30, and A-45 oxidized polyethyleneparticles having a mean particle size diameter of 25, 30, and 45microns, respectively. Examples of commercially available polypropyleneparticles include the Propyltex series available from Micro Powders(Dartek).

SURFACTANTS

The compositions of the present invention comprise from about 0.05% toabout 40%, preferably from about 0.10% to about 20%, more preferablyfrom about 0.5% to about 15%, and most preferably from about 1% to about10% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionicsurfactants, anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, amphotericsurfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof. In furtherembodiments, wherein the compositions of the present invention are inthe form of soap bars, it is found to be highly advantageous to utilizehigher levels of surfactants, i.e. from about 50% to about 90%.

Suitable surfactants for use in the compositions of the presentinvention are disclosed in McCutcheon's, Detergents and Emulsifiers,North American edition (1986), published by allured PublishingCorporation; U.S. Pat. No. 5,151,210, to Steuri et al., issued Sep. 29,1992; U.S. Pat. No. 5,151,209, to McCall et al., issued Sep. 29, 1992;U.S. Pat. No. 5,120,532, to Wells et al., issued Jun. 9, 1992; U.S. Pat.No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et al., issued Apr. 30, 1991; U.S. Pat. No.4,788,006, to Bolich, Jr. et al., issued Nov. 29, 1988; U.S. Pat. No.4,741,855, to Grote et al, issued May 3, 1988; U.S. Pat. No. 4,704,272,to Oh et al, issued Nov. 3, 1987; U.S. Pat. No. 4,557, 853, to Collins,issued Dec. 10, 1985; U.S. Pat. No. 4,421,769, to Dixon et al., issuedDec. 20, 1983; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,755,560, to Dickert et al., issuedAug. 28, 1973; each of these documents being incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. It is to be understood that even though theterm surfactant is used herein in this section to describe thesematerials, that the term is not meant to exclude materials which alsohave emulsification properties, as it is well known to one skilled inthe art that a surfactant can also have emulsification properties andvice versa.

Among the nonionic surfactants that are useful herein are those that canbe broadly defined as condensation products of long chain alcohols, e.g.C8-30 alcohols, with sugar or starch polymers, i.e., glycosides. Thesecompounds can be represented by the formula (S)_(n) --O--R wherein S isa sugar moiety such as glucose, fructose, mannose, and galactose; n isan integer of from about 1 to about 1000, and R is a C8-30 alkyl group.Examples of long chain alcohols from which the alkyl group can bederived include decyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, laurylalcohol, myristyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and the like. Preferredexamples of these surfactants include those wherein S is a glucosemoiety, R is a C8-20 alkyl group, and n is an integer of from about 1 toabout 9. Commercially available examples of these surfactants includedecyl polyglucoside (available as APG 325 CS from Henkel) and laurylpolyglucoside (available as APG 600CS and 625 CS from Henkel).

Other useful nonionic surfactants include the condensation products ofalkylene oxides with fatty acids (i.e. alkylene oxide esters of fattyacids). These materials have the general formula RCO(X)_(n) OH wherein Ris a C10-30 alkyl group, X is --OCH₂ CH₂ -- (i.e. derived from ethyleneglycol or oxide) or --OCH₂ CHCH₃ -- (i.e. derived from propylene glycolor oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionicsurfactants are the condensation products of alkylene oxides with 2moles of fatty acids (i.e. alkylene oxide diesters of fatty acids).These materials have the general formula RCO(X)_(n) OOCR wherein R is aC10-30 alkyl group, X is --OCH₂ CH₂ -- (i.e. derived from ethyleneglycol or oxide) or --OCH₂ CHCH₃ -- (i.e. derived from propylene glycolor oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 to about 100. Other nonionicsurfactants are the condensation products of alkylene oxides with fattyalcohols (i.e. alkylene oxide ethers of fatty alcohols). These materialshave the general formula R(X)_(n) OR' wherein R is a C10-30 alkyl group,X is --OCH₂ CH₂ -- (i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or--OCH₂ CHCH₃ -- (i.e. derived from propylene glycol or oxide), and n isan integer from about 1 to about 100 and R' is H or a C10-30 alkylgroup. Still other nonionic surfactants are the condensation products ofalkylene oxides with both fatty acids and fatty alcohols i.e. whereinthe polyalkylene oxide portion is esterified on one end with a fattyacid and etherified (i.e. connected via an ether linkage) on the otherend with a fatty alcohol!. These materials have the general formulaRCO(X)_(n) OR' wherein R and R' are C10-30 alkyl groups, X is --OCH₂ CH₂(i.e. derived from ethylene glycol or oxide) or --OCH₂ CHCH₃ -- (derivedfrom propylene glycol or oxide), and n is an integer from about 1 toabout 100. Nonlimiting examples of these alkylene oxide derived nonionicsurfactants include ceteth-1, ceteth-2, ceteth-6, ceteth-10, ceteth-12,ceteraeth-2, ceteareth-6, ceteareth-10, ceteareth-12, steareth-1,steareth-2, stearteth-6, steareth-10, steareth-12, PEG-2 stearate, PEG-4stearate, PEG-6 stearate, PEG-10 stearate, PEG-12 stearate, PEG-20glyceryl stearate, PEG-80 glyceryl tallowate, PPG-10 glyceryl stearate,PEG-30 glyceryl cocoate, PEG-80 glyceryl cocoate, PEG-200 glyceryltallowate, PEG-8 dilaurate, PEG-10 distearate, and mixtures thereof.

Still other useful nonionic surfactants include polyhydroxy fatty acidamide surfactants corresponding to the structural formula: ##STR1##wherein: R¹ is H, C₁ -C₄ alkyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl,preferably C₁ -C₄ alkyl, more preferably methyl or ethyl, mostpreferably methyl; R² is C₅ -C₃₁ alkyl or alkenyl, preferably C₇ -C₁₉alkyl or alkenyl, more preferably C₉ -C₁₇ alkyl or alkenyl, mostpreferably C₁₁ -C₁₅ alkyl or alkenyl; and Z is a polhydroxyhydrocarbylmoiety having a linear hydrocarbyl chain with a least 3 hydroxylsdirectly connected to the chain, or an alkoxylated derivative(preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated) thereof. Z preferably is asugar moiety selected from the group consisting of glucose, fructose,maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose, xylose, and mixtures thereof. Anespecially preferred surfactant corresponding to the above structure iscoconut alkyl N-methyl glucoside amide (i.e., wherein the R² CO-- moietyis derived from coconut oil fatty acids). Processes for makingcompositions containing polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are disclosed, forexample, in G.B. Patent Specification 809,060, published Feb. 18, 1959,by Thomas Hedley & Co., Ltd.; U.S. Pat. No. 2,965,576, to E. R. Wilson,issued Dec. 20, 1960; U.S. Pat. No. 2,703,798, to A. M. Schwartz, issuedMar. 8, 1955; and U.S. Pat. No. 1,985,424, to Piggott, issued Dec. 25,1934; which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

A wide variety of anionic surfactants are useful herein. See, e.g., U.S.Pat. No. 3,929,678, to Laughlin et al., issued Dec. 30, 1975, which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Nonlimiting examplesof anionic surfactants include the alkoyl isethionates, and the alkyland alkyl ether sulfates. The alkoyl isethionates typically have theformula RCO--OCH₂ CH₂ SO₃ M wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl of from about10 to about 30 carbon atoms, and M is a water-soluble cation such asammonium, sodium, potassium and triethanolamine. Nonlimiting examples ofthese isethionates include those alkoyl isethionates selected from thegroup consisting of ammonium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoylisethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate,and mixtures thereof. Preferred for used herein are ammonium cocoylisethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, and mixtures thereof.

The alkyl and alkyl ether sulfates typically have the respectiveformulae ROSO₃ M and RO(C₂ H₄ O)_(x) SO₃ M, wherein R is alkyl oralkenyl of from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms, x is from about 1 toabout 10, and M is a water-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium,potassium and triethanolamine. Another suitable class of anionicsurfactants are the water-soluble salts of the organic, sulfuric acidreaction products of the general formula:

    R.sub.1 ----SO.sub.3 ----M

wherein R₁ is chosen from the group consisting of a straight or branchedchain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 toabout 24, preferably about 12 to about 18, carbon atoms; and M is acation. Still other anionic synthetic surfactants include the classdesignated as succinamates, olefin sulfonates having about 12 to about24 carbon atoms, and b-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. Especially preferredsulfates for use herein include sodium lauryl sulfate and ammoniumlauryl sulfate.

Other anionic materials useful herein are soaps (i.e. alkali metalsalts, e.g., sodium or potassium salts) of fatty acids, typically havingfrom about 8 to about 24 carbon atoms, preferably from about 10 to about20 carbon atoms. The fatty acids used in making the soaps can beobtained from natural sources such as, for instance, plant oranimal-derived glycerides (e.g., palm oil, coconut oil, soybean oil,castor oil, tallow, lard, etc.) The fatty acids can also besynthetically prepared. Soaps are described in more detail in U.S. Pat.No. 4,557,853, cited above.

Nonlimiting examples of cationic surfactants useful herein includecationic ammonium salts such as those having the formula: ##STR2##wherein R₁, is selected from an alkyl group having from about 12 toabout 22 carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having fromabout 12 to about 22 carbon atoms; R₂, R₃, and R₄ are independentlyselected from hydrogen, an alkyl group ranging from about 1 to about 22carbon atoms, or aromatic, aryl or alkaryl groups having from about 12to about 22 carbon atoms; and X is an anion selected from chloride,bromide, iodide, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, methyl sulfate,ethyl sulfate, tosylate, lactate, citrate, glycolate, and mixturesthereof. Additionally, the alkyl groups can also contain ether linkages,or hydroxy or amino group substituents (e.g., the alkyl groups cancontain polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol moieties).

More preferably, R₁ is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22carbon atoms; R₂ is selected from H or an alkyl group having from about1 to about 22 carbon atoms; R₃ and R₄ are independently selected from Hor an alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X isas described in the previous paragraph.

Most preferably, R₁ is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22carbon atoms; R₂, R₃, and R₄ are selected from H or an alkyl grouphaving from about 1 to about 3 carbon atoms; and X is as describedpreviously.

Alternatively, other useful cationic surfactants include amino-amides,wherein in the above structure R₁ alternatively R₅ CO--(CH₂)_(n) --;wherein R₅ is an alkyl group having from about 12 to about 22 carbonatoms, and n is an integer from about 2 to about 6, more preferably fromabout 2 to about 4, and most preferably from about 2 to about 3.Nonlimiting examples of these cationic emulsifiers includestearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate)ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate,stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethylammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.

Nonlimiting examples of quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactantsinclude those selected from the group consisting of cetyl ammoniumchloride, cetyl ammonium bromide, lauryl ammonium chloride, laurylammonium bromide, stearyl ammonium chloride, stearyl ammonium bromide,cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl dimethyl ammonium bromide,lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dimethyl ammonium bromide,stearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl ammonium bromide,cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl trimethyl ammonium bromide,stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium bromide,lauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl dimethyl cetyl ditallowdimethyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl ammonium chloride, dicetyl ammoniumbromide, dilauryl ammonium chloride, dilauryl ammonium bromide,distearyl ammonium chloride, distearyl ammonium bromide, dicetyl methylammonium chloride, dicetyl methyl ammonium bromide, dilauryl methylammonium chloride, dilauryl methyl ammonium bromide, distearyl methylammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearylmethyl ammonium bromide, and mixtures thereof. Additional quaternaryammonium salts include those wherein the C12 to C22 alkyl carbon chainis derived from a tallow fatty acid or from a coconut fatty acid. Theterm "tallow" refers to an alkyl group derived from tallow fatty acids(usually hydrogenated tallow fatty acids), which generally have mixturesof alkyl chains in the C16 to C18 range. The term "coconut" refers to analkyl group derived from a cocunt fatty acid, which generally havemixtures of alkyl chains in the C12 to C14 range. Examples of quaternaryammonium salts derived from these tallow and cococut sources includeditallow dimethyl ammonium chlroide, ditallow dimethyl ammonium methylsulfate, di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium chloride,di(hydrogenated tallow) dimethyl ammonium acetate, ditallow dipropylammonium phosphate, ditallow dimethyl ammonium nitrate,di(coconutalkyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride, di(coconutalkyl)dimethylammonium bromide, tallow ammonium chloride, coconut ammonium chloride,stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate)ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate,stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethylammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof.

More preferred cationic surfactants are those selected from the groupconsisting of dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethylammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityldimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,stearamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, stearamidopropylethyldimonium ethosulfate, stearamidopropyl dimethyl (myristyl acetate)ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethyl cetearyl ammonium tosylate,stearamidopropyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, stearamidopropyl dimethylammonium lactate, and mixtures thereof. Most preferred cationicsurfactants are those selected from the group consisting of dilauryldimethyl ammoniun chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammoniumchloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

Examples of amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants which can be used inthe compositions of the present invention are those which are broadlydescribed as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines inwhich the aliphatic radical can be straight or branched chain andwherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about22 carbon atoms (preferably C₈ -C₁₈) and one contains an anionic watersolubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, orphosphonate. Examples are alkyl imino acetates, and iminodialkanoatesand aminoalkanoates of the formulas RN CH₂)_(m) CO₂ M!₂ and RNH(CH₂)_(m)CO₂ M wherein m is from 1 to 4, R is a C₈ -C₂₂ alkyl or alkenyl, and Mis H, alkali metal, alkaline earth metal ammonium, or alkanolammonium.Also included are imidazolinium and ammonium derivates. Specificexamples of suitable amphoteric surfactants include sodium3-dodecyl-aminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate,N-alkyltaurines such as the one prepared by reacting dodecylamine withsodium isethionate according to the teaching of U.S. Pat. No. 2,658,072which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety; N-higheralkyl aspartic acids such as those produced according to the teaching ofU.S. Pat. No. 2,438,091 which is incorporated herein by reference in itsentirety; and the products sold under the trade name "Miranol" anddescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,528,378, which is incorporated herein byreference in its entirety. Other examples of useful amphoterics includephosphates, such as coamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate(commercially available as Monaquat PTC, from Mona Corp.).

Especially useful herein as amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants arethe betaines. Examples of betaines include the higher alkyl betaines,such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethylcarboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alphacarboxyethyl betaine, cetyldimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl betaine (available asLonzaine 16SP from Lonza Corp.), lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxymethyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl) carboxymethylbetaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, laurylbis-(2-hydroxypropyl)alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, coco dimethylsulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, lauryldimethyl sulfoethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl) sulfopropylbetaine, and amidobetaines and amidosulfobetaines (wherein theRCONH(CH₂)₃ radical is attached to the nitrogen atom of the betaine),oleyl betaine (available as amphoteric Velvetex OLB-50 from Henkel), andcocamidopropyl betaine (available as Velvetex BK-35 and BA-35 fromHenkel).

Other highly useful amphoteric and zwitterionic surfactants include thesultaines and hydroxysultaines such as cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine(available as Mirataine CBS from Rhone-Poulenc), and the alkanoylsarcosinates corresponding to the formula RCON(CH₃)CH₂ CH₂ CO₂ M whereinR is alkyl or alkenyl of about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms, and M is awater-soluble cation such as ammonium, sodium, potassium andtrialkanolamine (e.g., triethanolamine), a preferred example of which issodium lauroyl sarcosinate.

Among the surfactants described above, preferred for use herein arethose selected from the group consisting of sodium cetearyl sulfate,sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium cocoylisethionate, coamidopropyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, cetyldimethyl betaine, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium tallow soap, sodiumcoconut soap, ceteth-10, steareth-21, steareth-2, ceteth-2, glycerylstearate, glucose amides, dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyldimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride,dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof.

EMOLLIENTS

The compositions of the present invention comprise from 0% to about 50%,preferably from about 0.1% to about 20%, and most preferably from about0.5% to about 10% of an emollient. Without being limited by theory, itis believed that these emollient materials provide a cleansing benefitby acting as a solvent to help dissolve oils and other oily debrisduring the cleansing process. The term emollient, as used herein isintended to include conventional lipid materials (e.g., fats, waxes, andother water insoluble materials), polar lipids (e.g., lipid materialswhich have been hydrophylically modified to render them more watersoluble), silicones, hydrocarbons, and a wide variety of solventmaterials.

A wide variety of emollient materials are suitable for use in thecompositions of the present invention. Examples of conventionalemollients include C8-30 alkyl esters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; C1-6diol monoesters and diesters of C8-30 carboxylic acids; monoglycerides,diglycerides, and triglycerides of C8-30 carboxylic acids, cholesterolesters of C8-30 carboxylic acids, cholesterol, and hydrocarbons.Examples of these materials include diisopropyl adipate, isopropylmyristate, isopropyl palmitate, ethylhexyl palmitate, isodecylneopentanoate, C12-15 alcohols benzoate, diethylhexyl maleate, PPG-14butyl ether, PPG-2 myristyl ether propionate, cetyl ricinoleate,cholesterol stearate, cholesterol isosterate, cholesterol acetate,jojoba oil, cocoa butter, shea butter, lanolin, lanolin esters, mineraloil, petrolatum, and straight and branched hydrocarbons having fromabout 16 to about 30 carbon atoms. Also useful are straight and branchedchain alcohols having from about 10 to about 30 carbon atoms,nonlimiting examples of which include stearyl alcohol, isostearylalcohol, behenyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, isocetyl alcohol, and mixturesthereof. Examples of other suitable materials are disclosed in U.S. Pat.No. 4,919,934, to Deckner et al., issued Apr. 24, 1990; which isincorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Also useful as emollients are material such as alkoxylated ethers anddiethers. The alkoxylated ethers useful herein can be described by thefollowing general formula: ##STR3## wherein R is selected from the groupconsisting of H and C1-C30 straight chain or branched chain alkyl, m isan integer from 0 to about 6, R' is selected from the group consistingof methyl and ethyl, and n is an integer from about 3 to about 30.

Preferably R is selected from the group consisting of C2-C25 straightchain or branched alkyl, m is an integer from 0 to about 2, R' ismethyl, and n is an integer from about 5 to about 25. More preferably Ris selected from the group consisting of C2-C20 straight chain orbranched chain alkyl, m is an integer from 0 to about 1, R' is methyl,and n is an integer from about 10 to about 20.

Nonlimiting examples of alkoxylated ethers useful herein include PPG-10butyl ether, PPG-11 butyl ether, PPG-12 butyl ether, PPG-13 butyl ether,PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 butyl ether, PPG-16 butyl ether, PPG-17 butylether, PPG-18 butyl ether, PPG-19 butyl ether, PPG-20 butyl ether,PPG-22 butyl ether, PPG-24 butyl ether, PPG-30 butyl ether, PPG-11stearyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, PPG-10 oleyl ether, PPG-7 laurylether, PPG-30 isocetyl ether, PPG-10 glyceryl ether, PPG-15 glycerylether, PPG-10 butyleneglycol ether, PPG-15 butylene glycol ether, PPG-27glyceryl ether, PPG-30 cetyl ether, PPG-28 cetyl ether, PPG-10 cetylether, PPG-10 hexylene glycol ether, PPG-15 hexylene glycol ether,PPG-10 1,2,6-hexanetriol ether, PPG-15 1,2,6-hexanetriol ether, andmixtures thereof. Most preferred are PPG-14 butyl ether (available asFluid AP from Union Carbid Corp.) and PPG-15 stearyl ether (availableunder the tradename Arlamol E from ICI Americas Corporation).

Also useful herein are alkoxylated diethers. These compounds can berepresented by the general formula: ##STR4## wherein each R" is selectedfrom the group consisting of methyl and ethyl, p is an integer fromabout 1 to about 6, and each q and r are independently selected so thattheir sum is an integer from about 3 to about 30. Preferably R" ismethyl, p is an integer from about 2 to about 4, and each q and r areindependently selected so that their sum is an integer from about 5 toabout 25. More preferably R" is methyl, p is an integer from 2 to about4, and each q and r are independently selected so that their sum is aninteger from about 10 to about 20.

Nonlimiting examples of alkoxylated diethers useful herein include thoseselected from the group consisting of PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether,PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-14 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-2butanediol diether, PPG-10 1,6-hexanediol diether, PPG-12 1,6-hexanedioldiether, PPG-14 hexanediol diether, PPG-20 hexanediol diether, andmixtures thereof. Preferred are those selected from the group consistingof PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-12 1,4-butanediol diether, PPG-101,6-hexandiol diether, and PPG-12 hexanediol diether, and mixturesthereof. More preferred is PPG-10 1,4-butanediol diether. This compoundis commercially available under the tradename Macol 57 from PPG/MazerCorporation.

Also useful as emollients are the so-called "polar lipids" which containhydrophilic moieties such as hydroxy groups carbonyl groups and etherlinkages. Preferred classes of these polar lipids include C10-20 alcoholmonosorbitan esters, C10-20 alcohol sorbitan diesters, C10-20 alcoholsorbitan triesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose monoesters, C10-20 alcoholsucrose diesters, C10-20 alcohol sucrose triesters, and C10-20 fattyalcohol esters of C2-C6 2-hydroxy acids. Nonlimiting examples of thesepolar lipids are sorbitan diisostearate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitandistearate, sorbitan isosotearate, sorbitan laurate, sorbitan oleate,sorbitan palmitate, sorbitan sesquioleate, sorbitan sesquistearte,sorbitan stearate, sorbitan triiostearte, sorbitan trioleate, sorbitantristeate, sucrose cocoate, sucrodilaurate, sucrose distearate, sucroselaurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose oleate, sucrose palmitate, sucrosericinoleate, sucrose stearate, sucrose tribehenate, sucrose tristearate,myristyl lactate, stearyl lactate, isostearyl lactate, cetyl lactate,palmityl lactate, cocoyl lactate, and mixtures thereof. Other polarlipids are the C10-20 alkyl pidolates (i.e. pyrrolidone carboxylateesters, examples of which are myristyl pidolate, cetyl pidolate, laurylpidolate, and stearyl pidolate). Yet other polar lipids are alkyl C1-3esters of panthenol such as panthenyl triacetate (which is the triacetylester of panthenol). Especially preferred among the polar lipids areisostearyl lactate (available as Pationic IL, from RITA Corp), sorbitanlaurate (available as Arlacel 20 from ICI Americas), lauryl pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid (available as lauryl pidolate from UCIB Corp.),panthenyl triacetate (available as D-panthenyl triacetate fromInduchem), and mixtures thereof.

Also useful are silicones including nonvolatile silicones such asdimethicone copolyol; dimethylpolysiloxane; diethylpolysiloxane; highmolecular weight dimethicone (average molecular weight from about200,000 to about 1,000,000 and, preferably, from about 300,000 to about600,000) which can have various end-terminating groups such as hydroxyl,lower C1-C₃ alkyl, lower C1-C₃ alkoxy and the like; mixed C₁ -C₃ alkylpolysiloxane (e.g., methylethylpolysiloxane); phenyl dimethicone andother aryl dimethicones; dimethiconol; fluorosilicones; and mixturesthereof.

Preferred among the nonvolatile silicones are those selected from thegroup consisting of dimethicone copolyol, dimethylpolysiloxane,diethylpolysiloxane, high molecular weight dimethicone, mixed C1-C30alkyl polysiloxane, phenyl dimethicone, dimethiconol, and mixturesthereof. More preferred are non-volatile silicones selected fromdimethicone, dimethiconol, mixed C1-C30 alkyl polysiloxane, and mixturesthereof. Especially preferred is dimethiconol which is a dimethylsilicone polymer terminated with hydroxyl groups. Dimethiconol isavailable as Q2-1401 Fluid, a solution of 13 percentultra-high-viscosity dimethiconol in volatile cyclomethicone fluid as acarrier; as Q2-1403 Fluid, a solution of ultra-high-viscositydimethiconol fluid in dimethicone (both sold by Dow CorningCorporation); and as other custom blends (e.g. 10% dimethiconol indimethicone). Nonlimiting examples of silicones useful herein aredescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,011,681, to Ciotti et al., issued Apr. 30,1991, which has already been incorporated by reference.

Among the emollients preferred are those selected from the groupconsisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, cholesterol, dimethicone,dimethiconol, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol,diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, cetylricinoleate, sorbitan distearte, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitan stearate,sorbitan laurate, sucrose laurate, sucrose dilaurate, sodium isostearyllactylate, lauryl pidolate, sorbitan stearate, stearyl acohol, cetylalcohol, behenyl alcohol, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, andmixtures thereof.

Water

The compositions of the present invention comprise from about 20% toabout 99.85%, more preferably from about 50% to about 95%, and mostpreferably from about 70% to about 90% of water. In further embodimentswherein the compositions of the present invention are in the form ofsoap bars, lower levels of water are preferred, i.e. from about 5% toabout 20%.

Additional Components

The compositions of the present invention can comprise a wide range ofadditional components. The CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Handbook, SecondEdition, 1992, which is incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety, describes a wide variety of nonlimiting cosmetic andpharamceutical ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry,which are suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention.Nonlimiting examples of functional classes of ingredients are describedat page 537 of this reference. Examples of these functional classesinclude: absorbents, anti-acne agents, anticaking agents, antifoamingagents, antimicrobial agents, antioxidants, binders, biologicaladditives, buffering agents, bulking agents, chelating agents, chemicaladditives, colorants, cosmetic astringents, cosmetic biocides,denaturants, drug astringents, external analgesics, film formers,fragrance components, humectants, opacifying agents, pH adjusters,preservatives, propellants, reducing agents, skin bleaching agents,skin-conditioning agents (humectants, miscellaneous, and occulsive),sunscreen agents, and ultraviolet light absorbers. Examples of otherfunctional classes of materials useful herein that are well known to oneof ordinary skill in the art include emulsifiers, solubilizing agents,sequestrants, keratolytics, retinoids, and the like.

Nonlimiting examples of these additional components cited in the CTFACosmetic Ingredient Handbook, as well as other materials useful herein,include the following: vitamins and derivatives thereof (e.g.tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, retinoic acid, retinol, retinoids, andthe like); sunscreening agents; anti-oxidants; anti-microbial agents;preservatives; thickeners (e.g. crosslinked acrylic acid hompolymerssuch as the Carbomer series and the acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylatecrosspolymers available as the Pemulen series from B.F. Goodrich;nonionic polyacrylamide polymers such as the material given the CTFAdesignation polyacrylamide and isoparaffin and laueth-7 available asSepigel 305 from Seppic Corporation, Fairfield, N.J.; and crosslinkedcationic polymers such as the material given the CTFA designationpolyqauaternium 32 (and) mineral and sold as Salcare SC92 and thematerial given the CTFA designation polyquaternium 37 (and) mineral oil(and) PPG-1 trideceth-6 and sold as Salcare SC95, both by AlliedColloids, Norfolk, Va.); gums (e.g., xanthan gum guar gum gellan gum anthe like); emulsifiers; polyethyleneglycols and polypropyleneglyocls;polymers for aiding the film-forming properties and substantivity of thecomposition (such as a copolymer of eicosene and vinyl pyrrolidone, anexample of which is available from GAF Chemical Corporation as Ganex®V-220); preservatives for maintaining the antimicrobial integrity of thecompositions; anti-acne medicaments (e.g., resorcinol, sulfur, salicylicacid, erythromycin, zinc, benzoyl peroxide, and the like); skinbleaching (or lightening) agents including but not limited tohydroquinone, kojic acid; antioxidants; chelators and sequestrants; andaesthetic components such as fragrances, pigments, colorings, essentialoils, skin sensates, astringents, skin soothing agents, skin healingagents and the like, nonlimiting examples of these aesthetic componentsinclude panthenol and derivatives (e.g. ethyl panthenol), aloe vera,pantothenic acid and its derivatives, clove oil, menthol, camphor,eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, witch hazel distillate,allantoin, bisabolol, dipotassium glycyrrhizinate and the like; and skinconditioning agents such as urea and glycerol, and also the propoxylatedglycerols described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,976,953, to Orr et al., issuedDec. 11, 1990, which is incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety. Preferred levels of skin conditioning agents such as glycerol,urea, and propoxylated glycerols range from about 0.1% to about 10%.

In a preferred composition of the present invention, the compositionscomprise from about 0.1% to about 10% of a material selected from thegroup consisting of salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, retinal,retinoic acid, azaleic acid, aloe vera, panthenol, pantothenic acid,clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate,witch hazel distillate, allantoin, bisabolol, and mixtures thereof.

Methods For Personal Cleansing

The compositions of the present invention are useful for cleansing theskin or hair. Typically, a suitable or effective amount of the cleansingcomposition is applied to the skin or hair to be cleansed.Alternatively, a suitable amount of the cleansing composition can beapplied via intermediate application to a washcloth, a sponge, pad,cotton ball or other application device. If desired the area to becleansed can be premoistened with water. It has been found that thecompositions of the present invention can be combined with water duringthe cleansing process or used alone. The product can be removed afteruse either by rinsing the product with water, or simply wiping off theproduct with a tissue, cotton ball, etc. Generally an effective amountof product to be used will depend upon the needs and usage habits of theindividual. Because these compositions are essentially non-abrasive,they can be used frequently such as on a daily basis or more than once aday for each cleansing, without undue irritation. Typical amounts of thepresent compositions useful for cleansing range from about 0.5 mg/cm² toabout 25 mg/cm² of skin surface area to be cleansed.

EXAMPLES

The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodimentswithin the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solelyfor the purpose of illustration and are not to be construed aslimitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof arepossible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Ingredients are identified by chemical or CTFA name.

Example 1 Emollient Cleanser

A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients usingconventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight Percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Water              QS 100                                                     PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25                                                       Glycerin           3.00                                                       Stearyl Alcohol    2.88                                                       Polyethylene Particles.sup.1                                                                     2.00                                                       Polyethylene Particles.sup.2                                                                     2.00                                                       Salicylic Acid     2.00                                                       Distearyl Dimethyl Amnmonium                                                                     1.50                                                       Chloride                                                                      Cetyl Alcohol      0.80                                                       Urea               0.50                                                       Steareth-21        0.50                                                       Behenyl Alcohol    0.32                                                       PPG-30             0.25                                                       Steareth-2         0.25                                                       Fragrance          0.15                                                       Polysaccharide Gum 0.05                                                       Disodium EDTA      0.01                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 25 microns, available as Acumist A25 from Allied Signal Corp.     .sup.2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.     Micronized                                                               

In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, polysaccharide gum, anddisodium EDTA are mixed and heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring. In aseparate vessel the PPG-14 butyl ether, the PPG-30, and the salicylicacid are heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring to form an oil phase. Nextthe stearyl, cetyl, and behenyl aolcohols are added to this oil phasewhile continuing to heat and stir. Next the distearyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride, the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are added to this oil phasewhile still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is thenemulsified into the water-containing mixture using a homogenizing mill.The resulting emulsion is cooled with stirring to 45° C. and the ureaand fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature withstirring at which time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.

The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful forcleansing the skin.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 2 Emollient Cleanser

A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients usingconventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients          Weight Percent                                           ______________________________________                                        Water                QS 100                                                   Glycerin             3.00                                                     Polyethylene Particles.sup.1                                                                       4.00                                                     Glucose Amides       2.56                                                     Sorbitan Stearate    2.00                                                     Cetyl Alcohol        0.50                                                     Fragrance            0.50                                                     Phenoxyethanol       0.40                                                     Polyquaternium-10    0.20                                                     Potassium Hydroxide  0.20                                                     Acrylates/Cl0-30 Alkyl Acrylate Cross                                                              0.20                                                     Polymer                                                                       Methylparaben        0.10                                                     Stearic Acid         0.10                                                     Propylparaben        0.10                                                     Tetrasodium EDTA     0.10                                                     ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.

In a suitable vessel the water, glycverin, glucose amides,polyquaternium-10, methylparaben, acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylatescrosspolymer, and tetrasodium EDTA are mixed and heated to 75°-80° C.with stirring. In a separate vessel the sorbitan stearate, stearic acid,propylparaben, and cetyl alcohol are heated to 75°-80° C. with stirringto form an oil phase. This oil phase is then emulsified into thewater-containing mixture using a homogenizing mill. Next, the potassiumhydroxide is added to neutralize the emulsion which is then cooled withstirring to 45° C., at which time the phenoxyethanol and fragrance areadded. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at whichtime the polyethylene particles are mixed in.

The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful forcleansing the skin.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 3 Lathering Cleanser

A lathering cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredientsusing conventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients       Weight Percent                                              ______________________________________                                        Water             QS 100                                                      Polyethylene Beads.sup.1                                                                        4.00                                                        Glycerin          3.00                                                        Sodium Lauryl Sulfate                                                                           3.00                                                        Sodium Cocoyl Isethionate                                                                       2.00                                                        Cocamidopropyl Betaine                                                                          2.00                                                        Polyquaternium-10 0.50                                                        Sodium Laureth Sulfate                                                                          0.40                                                        Phenoxyethanol    0.40                                                        Methylparaben     0.10                                                        Propylparaben     0.10                                                        Disodium EDTA     0.10                                                        ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.

In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, polyquaternium-10, disodiumEDTA, and methylparaben are heated with stirring to 50° C. In a separatevessel the sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium cocoyl isethionate,cocamidopropyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, and propyl paraben areheated with stirring to 50° C. and mixed with the water phaseingredients. The mixture is cooled to 45° C. and the phenoxyethanol ismixed in. The mixture is then cooled to room temperature with mixing atwhich time the polyethylene particles are mixed in.

The resulting lathering cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and isuseful for cleansing the skin. This lathering cleanser can also bedelivered from a non-aerosol pump or squeeze foaming device to deliver alathering foam.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 4 Emollient Cleanser

A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients usingconventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight Percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Water              QS 100                                                     Cetyl Dimethyl Betaine                                                                           2.00                                                       Sodium Alkyl Sulfate                                                                             1.00                                                       PPG-14 Butyl Ether 3.25                                                       Glycerin           3.00                                                       Stearyl Alcohol    2.88                                                       Polyethylene Particles.sup.1                                                                     2.00                                                       Polyethylene Particles.sup.2                                                                     2.00                                                       Salicylic Acid     2.00                                                       Distearyl Dimethyl Ammonium                                                                      1.50                                                       Chloride                                                                      Cetyl Alcohol      0.80                                                       Urea               0.50                                                       Steareth-21        0.50                                                       Behenyl Alcohol    0.32                                                       PPG-30             0.25                                                       Steareth-2         0.25                                                       Fragrance          0.15                                                       Polysaccharide Gum 0.05                                                       Disodium EDTA      0.01                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 25 microns, available as Acumist A25 from Allied Signal Corp.     .sup.2 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.

In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, and disodium EDTA are mixedand heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring. In a separate vessel the PPG-14butyl ether, the salicylic acid, and the PPG-30 are heated to 75°-80° C.with stirring to form an oil phase. Next the stearyl alcohol, cetylalcohol, and the behenyl alcohol are added to this oil phase whilecontinuing to heat with stirring. Next the distearyl dimethyl ammoniumchloride, the steareth-2, and steareth-21, are added to the oil phasewhile still continuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is thenemulsified into the water-containing mixture using a homogenizing mill.The resulting emulsion is cooled with stirring to 45° C. and the ureaand fragrance are added. The emulsion is cooled to room temperature withstirring at which time the sodium alkyl sulfate and the cetyl dimethylbetaine are mixed in, followed by the polyethylene particles.

The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful forcleansing the skin.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 5 Emulsion Cleanser

A cleanser is prepared by combining the following ingredients usingconventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients      Weight Percent                                               ______________________________________                                        Water            QS 100                                                       Glycerin         3.00                                                         Polyethylene Particles.sup.1                                                                   4.00                                                         PPG-14 Butyl Ether                                                                             7.00                                                         Mineral Oil      1.40                                                         PPG-30           0.25                                                         Stearyl Alcohol  1.80                                                         Cetyl Alcohol    0.50                                                         Behenyl Alcohol  0.20                                                         Steareth-2       1.50                                                         Steareth-21      0.50                                                         Disodium EDTA    0.01                                                         Phenoxyethanol   0.40                                                         Methylparaben    0.10                                                         Propylparaben    0.10                                                         ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particie size            diameter of 45 microns, available as Acumist A45 from Allied Signal Corp.

In a suitable vessel the water, glycerin, methylparaben, and disodiumEDTA are mixed and heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring. In a separatevessel the PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-30, propylparaben, and mineral oilare heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring to form an oil phase. Next thestearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, and the behenyl alcohol are added tothis oil phase while continuing to heat with stirring. Next thesteareth-2, and steareth-21, are added to the oil phase while stillcontinuing to heat and stir. This oil phase is then emulsified into thewater-containing mixture using a homogenizing mill. The mixture iscooled to 45° C. and the phenoxyethanol is mixed in. The resultingemulsion is cooled to room temperature with stirring at which time thepolyethylene particles are stirred in.

The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful forcleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleansethe skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 6 Non-Rinsing Cleansing Milk

A non-rinsing cleansing milk is prepared by combining the followingingredients using conventional mixing techniques.

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients        Weight Percent                                             ______________________________________                                        Water              QS 100                                                     Mineral Oil        5.00                                                       Polyethylene Beads.sup.1                                                                         4.00                                                       Isopropyl Palmitate                                                                              3.00                                                       Cetearyl Alcohol   2.00                                                       PEG-10 Castor Oil  2.00                                                       Sodium Cetearyl Sulfate                                                                          1.00                                                       Glyceryl Stearate  0.25                                                       Acrylamide/Sodium Acrylate                                                                       0.25                                                       Copolymer.sup.2                                                               Dimethicone        0.20                                                       Phenoxyethanol     0.40                                                       Methylparaben      0.10                                                       Propylparaben      0.10                                                       ______________________________________                                         .sup.1 Oxidized Polyethylene Particles having a mean particle size            diameter of 25 microns, available as Acumist A25 from Allied Signal Corp.     .sup.2 Available as Hoe S 2793 from Hoechst Celanese.                    

In a suitable vessel the water, acrylamide/sodium acrylate copolymer,glyceryl stearate, sodium cetearyl sulfate, and methylparaben are mixedand heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring. In a separate vessel the mineraloil, isopropyl palmitate, cetearyl alcohol, PEG-10 castor oil,dimethicone, and propylparaben are heated to 75°-80° C. with stirring toform an oil phase. This oil phase is then emulsified into thewater-containing mixture using a homogenizing mill. The mixture iscooled to 45° C. with stirring and the phenoxyethanol is mixed in. Theresulting emulsion is cooled to room temperature at which time thepolyethylene particles are stirred in.

The resulting cleanser exhibits low skin abrasion and is useful forcleansing the skin. This cleanser can be used without water to cleansethe skin using a pad, cotton ball, tissue, or the like.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

Example 7 Bar Soap

    ______________________________________                                        Ingredients      Weight Percent                                               ______________________________________                                        Water            QS 100                                                       Sodium Tallow Soap                                                                             47.00                                                        Sodium Coconut Soap                                                                            31.00                                                        Coconut Fatty Acid                                                                             7.00                                                         Fragrance        1.50                                                         Sodium Chloride  1.10                                                         Titanium Dioxide 0.25                                                         Trichlorocarban  0.55                                                         Polyethylene Particles                                                                         2.00                                                         ______________________________________                                    

Using conventional bar soap making techniques, the above ingredients aremixed together and extruded and cut into soap bars.

The resulting soap bars exhibit low skin abrasion and are useful forcleansing the skin.

Alternatively, the above composition is prepared by replacing thepolyethylene particles with particles of equivalent mean particle sizeor with particles of other mean particle sizes in the range from about 1micron to about 75 microns, selected from one or more of the followingmaterials: polybutylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene,polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, and teflon.

What is claimed is:
 1. A nonabrasive personal cleansing composition comprising:(a) from about 0.05% to about 40% of water insoluble particles selected from the group consisting of polybutylene, polyethylene, polyisobutylene, polymethylstyrene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, nylon, teflon, polyhalogenated olefins, polyethylene/polypropylene copolymer, polyethylene/propylene/isobutylene copolymer, polyethylene/styrene copolymer and mixtures thereof having a mean particle size diameter from about 20 microns to about 50 microns, with greater than about 95% of said particles in said composition having a diameter less than about 75 microns, (b) from about 0.05% to about 40% of a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sodium cetearyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, coamidopropyl betaine, sodium laureth sulfate, cetyl dimethyl betaine, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium tallow soap, sodium coconut soap, ceteth-10, steareth-21, steareth-2, ceteth-2, glyceryl stearate, glucose amides, dilauryl dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dimyristyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, dipalmityl dimethyl ammonium chloride, and mixtures thereof, (c) from 0% to about 50% of an emollient selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, cholesterol, dimethicone, dimethiconol, diisopropyl adipate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, cetyl ricinoleate, sorbitan distearate, sorbitan dilaurate, sorbitan stearate, sorbitan laurate, sucrose laurate, sucrose dilaurate, sodium isostearyl lactylate, lauryl pidolate, sorbitan stearate, stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, PPG-14 butyl ether, PPG-15 stearyl ether, and mixtures thereof; (d) from about 20% to about 99.85% water, (e) from about 0.1% to about 10% of a material selected form the group consisting of salicylic acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, aloe vera, panthenol, pantothenic acid, clove oil, menthol, camphor, eucalyptus oil, eugenol, menthyl lactate, retinol, retinoic acid, azelaic acid, witch hazel distillate, allantoin, bisabolol, and mixtures thereof.
 2. A composition according to claim 1 which further comprises from about 0.1% to about 10% of a skin conditioner selected from the group consisting of glycerin, urea, propoxylated glycerol, and mixtures thereof. 